IG reported two areas of hot spots visible in thermal images during August and September. Thermal anomalies on the flanks were also detected, mostly within 5 km of the summit crater, which possibly corresponded to short-range pyroclastic flows and lava flows. The westernmost vent was filled by a blocky lava dome 15-20 m in diameter, partially covered by ash. Weather clouds often prevented visual observations of the volcano, but the Washington VAAC and IG webcams recorded daily ash plumes that rose as high as 2.4 km above the summit and drifted mainly NW, W, and SW. Seismic signals signifying lahars were recorded during 16-18 December. There were reports of explosion-like noises and window vibrations during the morning of 31 July from residents in the towns of Nabn, San Fernando, Guayaquil, Samborondn, and Salitre. and drifted W. A plume that may have been mostly gas was detected in satellite images pushing through the metrological cloud deck and drifting W. According to the Washington VAAC, a pilot reported that a possible eruption from Sangay occurred prior to 1438 on 20 July. Meteorological clouds prevented satellite views of the area. On 4 June an ash plume rose to 1.1 km above the crater and drifted W and SW. During 4-5 June incandescent material traveled 1 km down the SE flank. A previously unreported accident occurred in December 1993 when the main crater exploded just as two mountaineers looked over its rim. The following abbreviations are used: volcanic ash (VA) and meteorological watch observatory (MWO). Plumes rose as high as 2.1 km above the volcano and drifted in various directions. The previous eruption occurred during August and December and was characterized by ash plumes reaching 2,500 m above the crater. LAHARZ: GIS programs for automated mapping of lahar-inundation hazard zones. Ash was not detected in partly-cloudy satellite imagery. Signals indicating lahars were recorded by the seismic network on 2 and 5 April. This compilation of synonyms and subsidiary features may not be comprehensive. Information Contacts: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC), Satellite Analysis Branch (SAB), NOAA/NESDIS E/SP23, NOAA Science Center Room 401, 5200 Auth Rd, Camp Springs, MD 20746, USA (URL: http://www.ospo.noaa.gov/Products/atmosphere/vaac/); Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP) MODVOLC Thermal Alerts System, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), Univ. Tsunamis Current volcanoes worldwide Back to overview: Ecuador Ecuador is located on the Pacific Ring of Fire, which stretches for about 40,000 km around the Pacific Ocean. and drifting SW. On 23 February a seismic station on the flank recorded a high-frequency signal typical of lahars. On 8 February at 0430, a GOES-16 satellite image showed an ash cloud reaching more than 7 km above the crater and drifting NW (figure 131). Ash plumes rose 870-1,130 m above the summit and drifted NW and W based on Washington VAAC notices. Almost continuous lava effusion from the uurcu dome fed lava flows that traveled down the SE flank. The Washington VAAC reported that on 29 October a thermal anomaly from Sangay was seen in satellite imagery. Additionally, SNGRE reported that ashfall was detected in Guayaquil, Samborondon, Duran, Salitre, and Daule. The Washington VAAC reported that an intermittent thermal anomaly was identified in satellite images over Sangay. The top part of the plume dispersed to the E and the rest of the plume went W. Pyroclastic flows were observed descending the SE flank around 1822 (figure 88). Activity at the central crater by 21 May was characterized by sporadic explosive eruptions that ejected hot ballistic ejecta (blocks) with velocities over 400 km/hour; after landing on the flanks the blocks travelled out to 2.5 km from the crater. IG reported a high level of activity at Sangay during 20-27 December, which included daily explosions, volcanic tremor, and gas, steam, and ash emissions. Thermal satellite data showed that a new lava flow had emerged on the upper N flank by 2 December. Incandescent material was visible on the flanks in webcam imagery on clear weather days. Frequent activity has included pyroclastic flows, lava flows, ash plumes, and lahars, which date back to 1628. During this time a hotspot was also visible on satellite imagery. Webcam images of a lava flow near the summit were seen overnight on 3-4 October. Ecuador's Sangay volcano erupts, spews ash 8 kilometers No plumes were observed during 24 July-3 October 2009. An eruption on 16 May 2021 produced an ash plume that rose to 11.3 km altitude and drifted 140 km N. A lower-level plume was also drifting WSW 80 km from the summit at 6.4 km altitude. During March-May plumes rose over 3 km above the summit multiple times and they usually drifted SW or W with ashfall reported in communities 25-90 km away after most of the larger explosive events. Information Contacts: Instituto Geofsico-Escuela Politcnica Nacional (IG), Casilla 17-01-2759, Quito, Ecuador (URL: http://www.igepn.edu.ec/); Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC), Satellite Analysis Branch (SAB), NOAA/NESDIS E/SP23, NOAA Science Center Room 401, 5200 Auth Rd, Camp Springs, MD 20746, USA (URL: http://www.ospo.noaa.gov/Products/atmosphere/vaac/); and Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP) MODVOLC Thermal Alerts System, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), Univ. A notable increase in the flow of the Upano River was reported on 4 April 2021 after heavy rains, and vibrations from lahars were recorded 13 times throughout the month. Weather clouds and rain often prevented visual and webcam observations of the volcano; daily lahars were detected by the seismic network. Information is provided by Ecuador's Instituto Geofsico (IG) and the Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); thermal data from the MODIS satellite instrument is recorded by the University of Hawaii's MODVOLC system and the Italian MIROVA project. Based on satellite images, notices from the Guayaquil MWO, and information from IG, the Washington VAAC reported that during 4-7 and 9-10 May ash plumes from Sangay rose to altitudes of 6.1-8.2 km (20,000-27,000 ft) a.s.l. Confirmed Eruption Thermal anomalies over the volcano were often visible in satellite data. Incandescent blocks were seen on the SE flank multiples times throughout the month. Sangay volcano is the closest one, it is located in the Morona Santiago province, part of the Sangay National Reserve. The current report continues coverage of plume emissions through December 2007. Ash emissions and thermal anomalies were intermittent through 16 July 2016. The full report is as follows: VA EM RPRT AND OBS ON VOLCAT to 24000 ft (7300 m) Sangay (Ecuador): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Washington (VAAC) issued the following report: VA EMS PSBL Reventador (Ecuador): (8 Jul) Explosive activity continues. On 2 January, a pilot saw an ash plume drifting NW at an altitude of 7 km (23,000 ft) a.s.l. The Washington VAAC reported ash emissions as high as 870-2,060 m above the crater. Cayambe, which has a permanent snow cap, is a Holocene compound volcano which last erupted in March 1786. Similar activity occurred into the next day, with ashfall confirmed in Cebadas, Palmira, Sibambe, Tixn, Multitud, Chauzan, and Atapo Santa Cruz in the province of Chimborazo. Ash emissions continued through December with one to five VAAC alerts issued most days. Based on satellite images and wind model data, the Washington VAAC reported that during 28 August-3 September ash emissions from Sangay rose to 5.8-6.7 km (19,000-22,000 ft) a.s.l. Based on pilot reports, the Washington VAAC reported that an eruption from Sangay produced an ash plume on 20 January. Servicio Nacional de Gestin de Riesgos y Emergencias (SNGRE) maintained the Alert Level at Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-color scale). The tallest plume reported by IG-EPN rose 2 km above the summit and drifted SW, W, and NW on 21 August, but no ashfall was reported. Notable ashfall was reported in multiple places in the afternoon; in Guamote (40 km WNW), in Riobamba, and Alus. During overflights on 4 and 6 August, Maurice Krafft observed frequent ash emission from 1 of 4 WSW-ENE-trending vents in the summit area. During the 17 May observation flight the lava flow surface reached 277C. During an overflight on 3 December 2019 a strong smell of sulfur was noted 1 km above the summit. Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP), ECU911 - Integrated Security Service ECU 911, Instituto Geofsico, Escuela Politcnica Nacional, Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report, Eruptions, Earthquakes & Emissions Application, Servicio Nacional de Gestin de Riesgos y Emergencias (SNGRE), Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC), Department of Mineral Sciences Rock and Ore collection, World Organization of Volcano Observatories (WOVO), GVMID Data on Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure, Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS), Large Magnitude Explosive Volcanic Eruptions (LaMEVE), Volcano Global Risk Identification and Analysis Project (VOGRIPA), Integrated Earth Data Applications (IEDA), Max plume height above the crater rim (m), Hotspot at summit visible on satellite imagery, Weak hotspot visible on satellite imagery, Possible narrow plume on satellite imagery, Weak hotspot visible on satellite imagery, but ash not detected, Thermal anomaly seen on satellite imagery, Ash-and-gas plumes, intermittent thermal anomalies, Gas with possible ash and a thermal anomaly, Tegucigalpa Meteorological Watch Office (MWO) (Honduras), pilot observation, and satellite imagery, Pilot reported ash, only gas plumes drifting NW observed in satellite imagery, Steam and gas plume possibly with ash and a thermal anomaly, Pilot reported ash, small cloud drifting NW in satellite imagery with no ash confirmed, Satellite images showed a plumes of gases and possible VA 19 km wide, Pilot report of VA and MWO; a hotspot detected in multispectral imagery, Pilot report of VA; a hotspot visible in multispectral imagery. There was a single thermal anomaly seen in MIROVA data on about 10 October and a brief ash emission occurred during 16-17 November 2016, after which Sangay was quiet until a new episode started on 20 July 2017 that was ongoing into August. Cloud cover prevented views of the volcano though the seismic data suggested that gas-and-ash emissions were produced; ashfall was not reported in towns downwind. Ashfall was reported in San Nicolas in the Chimborazo Province in the afternoon of the 30th. | February The plume moved SSW very slowly, corresponding to a possible height of ~ 6.7 km altitude. The Washington VAAC reported an ash emission on 20 July 2017 that rose to 8.2 km altitude and drifted about 80 km W. A plume was reported on 1 August by the Guyaquil MWO near the summit at about 5.3 km altitude, but was obscured by clouds in satellite imagery. 2010: January Sangay Volcano, Ecuador - ASTER Image Gallery The lava flows descended the SE flank about 900 m (figure 19). Despite these challenges, bright snow is easily distinguished from the summit area and the disruptions of the typically white (altered to blue for higher contrast) summit suggest processes such as ashfall, lahars, or melting causing new exposures of underlying rock. SNGRE reported that lahars in the Upano River in the morning of 21 June followed heavy rains two days earlier. An ash plume was also reported by a pilot the next day. Two vents were active in the summit area, a central vent and a western vent in a scoria cone. Ongoing activity from January-June 2021 covered in this report includes explosions with ash plumes, large SO2 plumes, incandescent ejecta, lava flows, and numerous lahars. Traces of ashfall were still reported on 8 March in Guamote and Alaus. The highest ash plume occurred on 8 February that drifted NW and resulted in ashfall in several towns. Daily ash-and-gas plumes were identified in webcam images, and seen in satellite images by the Washington VAAC. Information Contacts: Instituto Geofsico (IG-EPN), Escuela Politcnica Nacional, Casilla 17-01-2759, Quito, Ecuador (URL: http://www.igepn.edu.ec/); The activity intensified at 1300, and then began to gradually decline. There is a drop-down list with volcano names which allow users to 'zoom-in' and examine the distribution of hot-spots at a variety of spatial scales. On 29 July a plume rose to 7.6 km altitude and drifted 65 km WSW. Continuing ash emissions, lava flows, pyroclastic flows, and lahars through December 2019. We did not receive any report of activity during the period February 2006 through September 2006, or during the first three months of 2008. IG reported a high level of activity at Sangay during 12-18 May. A minor ash plume was seen on satellite imagery and by pilots drifting WNW on 24 September 2008. This was the last report of ash emissions for 2017. and drifted W. A thermal anomaly was detected in satellite imagery. 2011: January Weather clouds and rain often prevented visual and webcam observations of the volcano, though almost daily ash-and-gas plumes were identified in satellite images by the Washington VAAC; plumes rose as high as 1.5 km above the volcano and drifted W. Almost daily, multiple daily thermal anomalies over the volcano were visible in satellite data. Weather clouds and rain often prevented visual and webcam observations of the volcano; almost daily lahars were detected by the seismic network. Ashfall was reported on 1 June in Cebadas Parish, Chimborazo Province (33 km WNW). Based on information from the Guayaquil MWO, the Washington VAAC reported that on 12 August an emission from Sangay rose to altitudes of 6.1-6.4 km (20,000-21,000 ft) a.s.l. | April Very large SO2 plumes detected by satellite instruments from the explosions on 6-7 and 11-12 March drifted hundreds of kilometers before dissipating (figure 102). Large SO2 plumes were detected by satellite instruments on both days. No ash was confirmed in a small cloud identified in satellite imagery drifting SSE. The seismic network recorded more than 50 signals per day indicating explosions. Weather clouds and rain often prevented visual and webcam observations, though daily gas-and-ash plumes that rose to 6.7 km (22,000 ft) a.s.l. Incandescence appeared at the summit crater and blocks rolled down the SE flank overnight on 27-28 June. Based on notices from the Guayaquil MWO, the Washington VAAC reported that on 25 March an ash plume from Sangay rose to an altitude of 6.1 km (20,000 ft) a.s.l. Based on a pilot observation, the Washington VAAC reported that an ash plume drifted SW at an altitude of 6.4 km. A second emission a few hours later rose to 7 km altitude and drifted NW. Based on pilot observations, the Washington VAAC reported that on 9 February a plume from Sangay rose to an altitude of 7.9 km (26,000 ft) a.s.l. Reports from the SNGRE and Volcano Observers Network of Ecuador confirmed ashfall in the Chimborazo province (80 km NW), including Riobama, Colta, Guamote, Bolvar, Las Naves, Los Ros, and Mocache. IG reported gas-and-ash emissions from Sangay rising 500-1,500 m above the summit that drifted W and SW during 19-20 and 24 August. Daily ash-and-gas plumes were identified in IG webcam images and visible in satellite images according to the Washington VAAC. Ash plumes rose 900-1,200 m and drifted W during 14-15 May.
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